Introduction: Glyphosate is a non-selective common and effective herbicide. It is highly soluble in water, non-volatile and does not normally leach to groundwater. It is not persistent in soils but may be in aquatic systems under certain conditions. It is moderately toxic to humans and a skin and eye irritant. It is moderately toxic to birds, most aquatic organisms, earthworms and honeybees.
Common name: Glyphosate
Another name: N-(Phosphonomethyl)glycine; Glyphosphate; Pondmaster; Roundup; Roundup Max; 2-(phosphonomethylamino)acetic acid; etc.
Chemical Name (IUPAC): N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
Structural formula:
Empirical formula: C3H8NO5P
Mol. Weight: 169.1
CAS No.: 1071-83-6
Specifications
Leading Glyphosate supplier
Glyphosate 95% TC
Glyphosate 410g/L SL
Glyphosate 62% IPA
Glyphosate 41% IPA
Glyphosate 75.7% WDG
Packing
BULK PACKING
Powder: 25KG/Bag, 25KG/Drum, 50KG/Drum etc.
Liquid: 200L/Drum, 20L/Drum, 10L/Drum ect.
SMALL PACKING
Powder: 1kg/Alu bag, 500g/Alu bag, 200g/Alu bag, 100g/Alu bag, 50g/Alu bag, 15g/Alu bag etc.
Liquid: 5L/Drum, 1L/Bottle, 500ml/Bottle, 250ml/Bottle, 100ml/Bottle, 50ml/Bottle etc.
Customerized Packing label
Glyphosate FAO standard
Professional registration
HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
Hazard statement(s)
H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
Precautionary statement(s)
P264 Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P280 Wear protective gloves/eye protection.
P305+351+338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P337+313 If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
Supplemental Hazard Statements
EUH401 To avoid risks to human health and the environment, comply with the instructions for use.
MAMMALIAN TOXICOLOGY
Acute toxicity: 1) Acute oral LD50 for rats is >2000 a.i.mg/kg. 2) Acute percutaneous LD50 for rabbits is >2000 a.i.mg/kg. 3) Acute inhalation toxicity LC50 (4 h) for rats is >5.0 a.i.mg/l. 4) Skin irritation: Non-irritating to skin (rabbits). 5) Eye irritation: Slightly irritating to eyes (rabbits). 6) Skin sensitization for guinea pig: Not a skin sensitiser.
NOEL: In 2 year feeding trials, no ill-effects were observed in rats receiving 410 mg/kg diet daily (average) and, in 1 year feeding trials, no ill-effects were observed in dogs receiving 500 mg/kg daily (highest dose treated). Lowest relevant NOAEL (2 y) for rats is 31 mg/kg b.w. daily (EU). Other Not mutagenic, not carcinogenic, not teratogenic, not neurotoxic. No adverse effects on reproduction.
ADI (JMPR) 1mg/kg b.w. [2004, 2011, 2016].
Classification: WHO Classification: III (Slightly hazardous)
EC Risk Classification: Xn - Harmful: R41; N - Dangerous for the environment: R51, R53
US EPA Classification (formulation): III (Caution - Slightly toxic)
ECOTOXICOLOGY
Effect on birds: Acute oral LD50 for Bobwhite quail is >2250 a.i.mg/kg. Effect on fish: Acute LC50 (96 h) for Rainbow trout is 38.0 a.i.mg/l. Effects on aquatic invertebrates: Acute EC50 (48 h) for Daphnia magna is 40 a.i.mg/l. Effects on algae: Acute EC50 (72 h) for Scenedesmus quadricauda is 4.4 a.i.mg/l. Effects on bees: Contact acute (48h) LD50 is >100 a.i.μg/bee, Oral acute (48 h) LD50 is 100 a.i.μg/bee. Effects on earthworms: Acute 14 day LC50 is >5600 a.i.mg/kg.
ENVIRONMENTAL FATE
EHC 159 (WHO, 1994). Animals In mammals, following oral administration, glyphosate is very rapidly excreted unchanged and does not bioaccumulate. Plants Slowly metabolised to aminomethylphosphonic acid ([1066-51-9]), which is the major plant metabolite. Soil/Environment In soil (field), DT50 1-130 d, depending on edaphic and climatic conditions. In water, DT50 varies from a few to 91 d. Photodegradation in water occurs under natural conditions, DT50 33-77 d; no substantial photodegradation in soil was recorded over 31 d. In a lab. whole system with water and sediment, DT50 27-146 d (aerobic), 14-22 d (anaerobic). The major metabolite in soil and water is aminomethylphosphonic acid.
Usage: Glyphosate was developed by Monsanto. It is a translocated herbicide that may be applied preplant or preemergence to over 150 crops for control of annual and perennial weeds, woody brush, and trees. Use postdirected in tree and plantation crops, postemergence over soybeans, and postharvest in fallow periods and noncropland. For annual and perennial grasses and broadleaf weeds in plantation and other crops, and general weed control in noncropland and as no-tillage in farmland.
Application: Biochemistry Inhibits 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), an enzyme of the aromatic acid biosynthetic pathway. This prevents synthesis of essential aromatic amino acids needed for protein biosynthesis. Mode of action Non-selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by the foliage, with rapid translocation throughout the plant. Inactivated on contact with soil. Uses Control of annual and perennial grasses and broad-leaved weeds, pre-harvest, in cereals, peas, beans, oilseed rape, flax and mustard, at c. 1.5-2 kg/ha; control of annual and perennial grasses and broad-leaved weeds in stubble and post-planting/pre-emergence of many crops; as a directed spray in vines and olives, at up to 4.3 kg/ha; in orchards, pasture, forestry and industrial weed control, at up to 4.3 kg/ha. As an aquatic herbicide, at c. 2 kg/ha.
